Problematizing sectarian secularism and spiritualism
Let me now turn our attention to my personal contemplation:I know some spiritual insights that have influenced my life, but I do not (and certainly will never) know the totality of how being”critical”reflects spirituality. In a religiously affiliated educational institution in which I belong to at present, to be”critical” may be comprehended as putting”worldly” worldviews...
Freirean Critical Pedagogy
Unlike CDA which is somewhat restricted to the critical analysis of spoken and written text to find the hidden agenda of the dominant society and how inequality has been perpetuated by this society and challenged by disadvantaged groups, critical pedagogy (CP) in general pushes both educators and learnerso get involved not only in critical reading...
Critical Discourse Analysis
In language studies,critical theory has been explored through Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). Historically, CDA is a development from “critical linguistics” originally popularized by scholars in the UK and Australia as an attempt to” [react] against the dominant formal (often’asocial’ or ‘uncritical’) paradigms of the 1960s and 1970s”. In a nutsheell, CDA is “a type of...
Critical Theory
While critical reading from Carter and Nunan’s (2001) perspective is somewhat limited to identify the “ideology underpinning of text”, critical theory encapsulates (almost) the whole notion of critical approaches and denotes: An approach to the study of society (including literature) which questions things which we have come take for granted. In so doing it seeks...
Critical Reading
In Carter and Nunan’s(2001) glossary, critical reading refers to”a reading practice which attends to the ideological under penning of text, as signaled not so much by what a writer choose as topic but how people, places and events are talked about”(p.220). For example, if a government is one-sidedly described in a newspaper article as the...
Critical Literacies
Another”neutral”but somewhat similar to Bloom’s taxonomy is what is termed as “critical literacies” by Hall (2001) that include”the ability to interpret, analyze,and evaluate non print texts and other kinds of media, and to apply them in solving problems and increasing personal understandings”(p.61). Although it seems lacking in the discussion of Power relations (but see 3.3...
